"Previous cesarean" refers to a previous childbirth delivery that was done by performing a surgical procedure called a cesarean section (C-section), where the baby is born through an incision made in the mother's abdomen and uterus.
They also urged that current VBAC guidelines be revisited, malpractice concerns be addressed, and additional research undertaken to better understand the medical and non-medical factors that influence decision making for women with previous cesarean deliveries. (fitpregnancy.com)